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Description
Updated:9/13/19

Agnostic Decentralized Platform:

This is a belief in all forms, systems of on the Blockchain.

Address:

 Think of it like a street address. These numbers and letters allow people to find your crypto location. You need it to receive coins. Otherwise, you are sending money into a void.

All Time High (ATH):

The price is the highest it has ever been.

All Time Low (ATL):

The price is the lowest it has ever been. This is where people cry if they stayed in.

Altcoin:

These coins came after Bitcoin. Most coins follow BTC's growth and decline cycles. If it goes up, alts usually follow. That is why they are called, alts.

Amortization:

 Figure out the cost of an intangible asset over time. In our case, we'll be going with a 1-year period. Additionally it refers to repayment. So for example, Zcash was premined. Until it passed its Anterior, it is in the red. Ripple spent billions, possibly tens of billions of dollars to stay on top in the coin market. They have to pay that amount back to churn a profit. Keep this in mind when investing in companies. If they are always in the red, they will be dead. This might not today, but one day.

Anarcho capitalism:

This is an extreme version of Libertarianism. They want a full removal of centralization, taxes, police, military, etc. It pushes into self-ownership, private property, and open markets (unregulated). To remove power from representative government in favor of a system the people control. It is not my flavor. However, I definitely am against what we have for our current tax system. At a minimum, the people should decide how little if any of our taxes goes into non-essential programs, such as the military. Optional programs that compete for our attention will have its pros and cons. We need to keep progressing, allowing discussion of alternative methods.

Angel Investors:

 I'm going to make you a great deal. I'll pay you $10 million to make a flamethrower snow blower. Then when your product goes onto the stock market, I get my fixed cut, percent of the stocks. You keep paying me until the debts cleared, and I get a nice bonus. Try to get one if you start up a company.

Anon:

Short for anonymous. It's a great way to traverse the net, spread all kinds of wacky opinions without some ass hats coming after you personally. In this current era, there is a conflict between privacy and data mining people's information.

Anterior:

 This is the first price of the coin on the market. Sometimes they have a flash sale before launching, pre mined, or merged. I thought it was an appropriate term. This is when it really begins its value to the investor(s). Anterior, the first time a coin is on the market. It doesn't count presales.

Anonymous Coins:

Crypto currency's foundation is the equivalent of a Swiss bank account in your pocket. This is a code. It has a series of numbers and or letters that has your account address. Without this, no one can track you. No one knows what you do with your money. The benefits are the removal of middlemen from transactions. The downside is being able to avoid the law, taxes entirely. Not all crypto companies are truly anonymous.

API:

 Application Programming Interface, API sets protocols for creating software. Think of it like those electrical outlet adapters. It is when you run out of socket space at home for your hardware. Otherwise, you are stuck on those default two outlets.

ASIC:

 ASIC is Application Specific Integrated Circuit. It is multiple CPUs in a small box. It allows people to mine Bitcoins. In 2017, many coins used the GPU, also known as mining rigs, usually over 5 cards. With that said many coins in 2018 shifted back to ASIC mining. Unfortunately, they exist to do one specific job repeatedly. Unlike GPUs, their resale value is very low after the newest model arrives.

Autonomous Entity:

The same thing as DAO uses smart contracts to process work on the block chain. This is a method for running contracts, without human involvement. The original version was criticized for being ineffective in the business world. The crypto version has a history of being hacked. The original term has to do with hallucinogens. People in Ethereum, EOS insist it has potential. Who am I to judge?
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Bazaar Tradition:

 This is a permanently enclosed marketplace. Similar to the Persian markets of ancient times. When new markets emerge people look in all directions for terms they can adopt. I'm expecting there to be an ideogram term in 2019... June 13th, 2017. I overshot!

BitLicense:

An authoritarian idea enforced in NY. It keeps people from accessing a large variety of exchanges like Bittrex, Poloniex, Kraken, and Binance. Often preventing KYC, and forcing people to go into questionable, private locales. It enforces a middleman tax and set of regulations that serve as a reminder. It's called the empire state for a reason. Oh boy do they hate crypto! I hope that this piece of shit barrier is thrown out by the federal system in the future, not the other way around. That would be bad. I'd be up a hell of a lot more money if not for nonsense like this.

Bits:

 The block is a measurement of sub units. Bitcoin for example has a million bits. That is not to be confused with bits, kilobytes of data storage.

Block:

The digital ledger of crypto currency. The transactions are recorded chronologically. You will see this word often.

Blockchain:

This tool allows people to see all transactions, and other information. This can include hash rates, growth, time stamps, and more.

Block Reward:

Without this people wouldn't... Well most people wouldn't leave their computer ASIC, GPU running for hours, days, weeks. It pays them in crypto. This is based on the coin they are processing. The miner who succeeds at calculating the hash in a block will receive the payment. You can also mine in groups to get a steady payout within a fixed amount of time, based on the coin's current difficulty. Ethereum can take weeks to be paid in one coin, running multiple high end GPUs. Komodo back in 2017 would only take 1-2 days, and Sia 1 week to be paid in giant 10,000k chunks. The coin's volume and price is a factor. You can then sell the coin quantity for fiat or BTC. Often people sell their alt coins for BTC, then BTC into fiat, money.

Bots:

 This is the bane of all humans. These devious algorithms can do simple tasks repeatedly. Often they are faster than humans are. They don't require rest, just a PC to run them for x amount of time. Players would use them in games to spam the same message all day, spam email, spam exchanges with back and forth transactions. In the case of crypto bots drive up mining difficulty, or make a series of transactions. Over time in a way, that makes them money. As someone who worked on MMOs. You really don't want them on a virtual economy. They eventually drive down prices, make a handful rich and the difficulty of making money increase greatly.

Brute Force Attack (BFA):

Software that runs continuously until it's able to guess the right code, to gain access. That's why you have long, hard to guess passwords.

Bubble:

 This occurs when the market collapses after a giant growth cycle. This is not like a retrace, a price correction. A bubble results in most of the companies on the market going under. Only a few survive this event.

Buy Wall:

Rather than staying up all day. You can set a fixed price. When it hits that price point, you automatically buy. Like a person standing in a store, waiting for a sale, but never having to leave the store, waiting for that key moment.
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Capitalism:

 This is the most common financial system on Earth. Its core foundation is monetary values on products, services. It uses supply and demand economics. The flaws are profits above health of the people, environment. At its core, growth is everything. Something better will come along, decades, centuries. Until that time, Capitalism outperforms all others for expedient progress, growing economies, companies.

Cayman Islands:

These islands are a tax haven for questionable business activity. This became the go to place for NEO and other companies. In China and most countries when crypto began it was illegal. I understand why they went there. One day these tax sanctuaries could be raided. If companies stay there long term, that's when I got my finger on my sell shares button. Money is not infinite it can only be moved. When it's concentrated in one area, especially for illegal activity it is not safe.

Central Ledger:

 Unlike decentralized. A financial institution controls this, bank. It's beholden to regulations and a degree of accountability. The government the company, management determines this. They can track all data, private details, and even retain credit card, person address information. The benefit is higher security, less reasons for the owners to run away with your money. However, you do sacrifice privacy, have to fill out more forms, and definitely need to pay taxes on any capital gains.

CEO:

This is the chief of the company. They are responsible for making most of the major business decisions. A good CEO will grow a company's stock, value. It's their goal to benefit investors. This is usually for the board of directors, the top. This can lead to questionable decisions as profits leap far ahead of ethics.

Circulating Supply:

It's the best estimation of all coins available for the investor. This is not the total coins. Many crypto companies have a portion of coins locked away for emergency, insurance, funding. This number can change with time. Coins could be burned, lost, or more added by the owner(s).

Close End Fund:

 It hands out a fixed number of non-refundable shares. This is not to meet the demands of investors. They use a collective method.

Cloud Mining:

You pay someone to mine crypto coins for you. This can be an individual or a large GPU/CPU center like Genesis Mining. Cloud mining from my own experience is the worst way to make money on the market. Yes, you avoid paying all hardware, electric costs. However, the middleman fees are extremely high. You can make profit, but nowhere near the amount if you just bought the coins on an exchange. A minimum $5k investment is recommended to see a small return. They've been hacked in the past, due to poor security. Who puts all their coins on one wallet? Genesis Mining, and Nicehash, that's who.

Cold Storage:

 Most people who store their coins long term on wallets. They are taken offline. This can be an external hard drive, USB stick. This is any data storage that is not on the internet. If you store your coins in a secondary drive, on a PC that is online, that's hot storage.

Communism:

Let's see if I can remember what school taught me decades ago. Communism is a form of government where everyone who can work, works. The system is entirely in charge of the money distribution. Ideally, it is dispersed equally. The flaw is it consolidates all the capital into a single branch. It's infamous for concentrating power into a small group of people, great for dictators. It has the highest death toll of any modern government. Why does it keep popping up in discussions in Silicon Valley, even though it's mostly gone? Because it does have some really good ideas at its core, if you disregard its historical track record. Russia and China are no longer communist. Most countries have abandoned it.

Confirmations:

 Before the transaction goes through, it must go through a number of confirmations. For most coins, it's a few, and it's fast. It happens within minutes. For coins like BTC, it can take 30 minutes to hours. You may need six or more confirmations. Make sure you are sending to the right address, the fee is also covered. If you send $1 of BTC to an exchange, it can get lost forever. If the exchange has downtime, hacks occur; you can also lose your money. Make sure you send test amounts prior to any large sums. Just make sure it's above the transfer fee.

Consensus:

This is a form of voting or agreement through spending coins. Dash wants to propose funding for company Y. People spend 1k Dash to approve the decision. If it reaches consensus, the funding goes through.

Creative Commons:

 This was created to exist as a non-profit for musicians, lawyers, artists. The design bypasses the dated copyright system. This is for companies that operate in unique ways. You'll find this registration common for crypto companies.

Crowd Source Funding:

 It is a gathering of people across the internet. In order to complete a project they combine donations into a massive fund. Kickstarter is a good example. The positive is it's not reliant on a marketing team, small group of investors who have very specified requirements. You answer to the people. Its negative is ambitions can outstrip what was raised. Founders can take the money and run. It's largely driven by human emotion, lacks regulations. These types of funds have significantly higher rates of fraud. They are not entirely without merit. Still take a great deal of caution.

Cube Satellite Network:

A few years ago, NASA allowed the launch of mini satellites, the size of your hand. Eat that 4th grade! I said it would happen! The teacher also agreed with me. Ahem! These micro machines orbit the planet, allow for pirate radio, hacking, strengthening the current wireless network. Because they are much smaller, cheaper they have fewer issues in space, eventual reentry. The downside is their size makes them incredibly hard to destroy. If we ever got space junk, debris moving nears the speed of a bullet. A scenario Elon Musk is planning to remedy with lasers, it would make future space travel risky. More companies will be using this technology to save money. The other reason is there is a near absolute weight limits to make a rocket that can break through the atmosphere. In short, this technology is here to stay.
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Dead Cat Bounce:

 This usually occurs after a massive dip. The chart will see some up action. However, neither a full recovery, nor increase above what was lost on the price.

Decentralized:

 There is no central authority. There is no government, no CEO, no small group of investors being in charge. It's community driven.

Decentralized Applications (dApps):

 DAPPS is an application that uses a decentralized network. By not operating in a single location, they can avoid failure.

Decentralized Autonomous Organization:

 DAO uses smart contracts to process work on the block chain. It is a method for running contracts without human interference.

Decentralized Exchange (DEX):

 DEX is a one on one exchange. Users can sell, buy crypto without any middleman, central service. This is due to the difficulty of finding someone to trade. Most people prefer exchanges where there is a large, active pool. The benefit is you bypass many fees, retain privacy, and can gain access to coins that may have otherwise been unattainable.

Deflationary Currency:

This is a theoretical problem facing Bitcoin, the opposite of inflation. The price of let's say a dollar holds more and more value over time. Personally, I've never lived through a major deflation. Don't know now anyone that has. I can definitely attest to my years of experiencing inflation. This has many flaws. The modern world operates under debt and inflation economics.

Delegated Proof of Stake:

 Shareholders have authority on who gets to control the ledger. It keeps track of everyone's money. It allows faster transactions, scalability. It keeps hackers from running up fees on the network. If you tried to transfer Bitcoin in January 2017, you experienced 30-40% price hikes. Bitcoin is Proof of Work.

Delisted:

 A coin removed from exchanges, or most exchanges. It becomes nearly impossible to trade it. The company running the coin is defunct, with no more software support provided.

Derivative:

 This formula allows people to gamble on assets decline or growth. You are paid for betting on outcomes successfully. It's supposed to balance out market manipulation. It existed to keep prices stable in areas that saw long-term growth. However, it's just a fast path to money by ignoring long term in favor gains of short term.

Difficulty:

The more hash power required, the higher the difficulty. This number can increase with bots artificially processing fake/low transactions back and forth. In an ideal world, it self adjusts without manipulation. When someone manipulates the difficulty, the payout can't match what's needed to mine. Penny coins normally have low difficulty. Hundred dollar coins have high difficulty.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack:

 To overtax a network with fake, repeated requests. It slows, stops people from accessing. It can even crash servers. Most major businesses have counter measures in place to prevent this.

Distributed Ledger:

 The distributed ledger may not use crypto, may require permissions and is the ownership is private.

Digital Signature:

 It uses an encrypted key that is attached to data. It proves the sender's identity.

Distributed Certified Management:

This system exists to recognize experts. DCM raises standards, according to their will.

Dominance:

 This coin occupies most of the market share. As of this writing BTC has the most dominance, 70%.
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ERC20:

 A token used for smart contracts, for Ethereum. It includes rules that determine interactions, data access, and transfers.

E Sports:

This is a term for a video game tournament. It was to put games in the same popularity as traditional sports. While many have argued E Sports is an oxymoron, like military intelligence. You are using your mind far more than your body, sports is the opposite. Due to the vague definition of sports, art, it covers vast fields. To this day, it's used for a variety of genres, with the lone exception being EVO, fighting games. You'll hear this term on occasion with crypto, games, and gambling events.

EBTITDA Margin:

 A company's overall profitability put in a percentage of its total revenue. Equal to what you earn before depreciation, tax, and amortization. Total earnings, revenue, divide this. Such data points give more depth to how the company performed financially.

Encryption:

Encodes data so only the person with the key, a lengthy password can access the information. If the encryption is good, a super computer running to the heat death of the universe could not crack the code. With cell phones, you can bypass the software by brute forcing the hardware. Isn't that awesome? In the same way, biometrics doesn't need an eyeball, hand of the required person. Just smash, or electrically fry that terminal. This happened in my college.

End-to-End Blockchain Solutions:

 The removal of steps processes in the middle. This is to decrease workload, and increase output in software. This is for optimization, finding shortcuts.

Equities:

 It has different terms in finance, investing, property. Generally, it's your degree of ownership in stocks, assets in a company, your debt.

Escrow:

 This arrangement is for groups, to disperse the money for the key members.

Ether:

Ethereum is a crypto currency that in 2017 was #2 to BTC in market dominance, and usage. People are paid in Ether for mining; they can use it to trade. It's just Ethereum cut short Eth is also used. This is not to be confused with Ethereum Classic. The coin split into two entities when they cannot reach an agreement on how to handle the blockchain. Similar events have happened with Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, and Gold.

Exchange:

 It's similar to the stock market. A crypto exchange allows people to buy and sell coins. Most exchanges use Bitcoin as the base to value all currency. So when you for example sell all your Dash coins. It converts into BTC. Then you can convert that into fiat. Other options like tether exist to match the dollar. Tether's purpose is eliminating the price fluctuations of BTC.
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Fantasy Sports:

 Pick your favorite football player, team, and then bet how they handle the sports season. It's long term gambling. The winners walk away with large sums. However if you are right most of the time, you can still make more than what you put in. Many of the gambling coins try to include this market. Thanks to slow moving governments, operations like this are largely unregulated, making key investors a lot of money in 2017. In 2018, the party is over.

Fiat:

Fiat is paper currency. The Dollar, the Yen, the Euro. Crypto coins are digital. While people believe fiat is on the way out. I think digital will force fiat to be competitive. If it doesn't, yeah we're going digital. A more likely future is paper surviving to account for the wide spread hacking flaws of digital.

Fiat Pegged Cryptocurrency:

 These coins are usually linked to the USD, American dollar. Despite fluctuations, it will spend most of it's time maintaining one dollar value. This prevents massive fluctuations. However, USD coins are often part of market manipulation. They find ways to generate artificially high value for the company.

Fiber:

 Currently this is the fastest internet infrastructure on Earth. It allows packets of data sent at 100 gigabytes a second. That's a lot. Dial up is the slowest, DSL is double to triple, and cable is the second best choice. Avoid home satellite/dish network.

Flippening:

 Back in early 2018, Ethereum almost surpassed Bitcoin in market dominance. This event will probably occur in the future. Five years from now, one hundred, who knows? All we know for certain are nothing is king of the mountain forever. Bitcoin's #1 spot on market dominance will one day flip.

Forecasting Tool:

 With the use of an S curve on a graph, you can determine from 4 points of data if the stock/coin will gain or lose value. Another system is the use of fractals. Neither will predict the specifics. It will give you an idea if the market is going up, down, or holding. It refines your decision time for selling, or buying.

Fork (Blockchain):

This happens when the coin splits, Ethereum and Ethereum Classic. When there is a split, one coin is left for dead. While the core development team moves onto the more, secure of the two. There are various versions, software, and hardware. Most times this event causes the coin to go up in value prior and down, possibly a decline into closure. The overall value of the coin also goes down.

Fork (Software):

 A fork is a change to the source code. It can run another version of the blockchain. It can be an overhaul to its operations, where it abandons the old setup, or even an entirely new coin. This was the case for Litecoin emerging from Bitcoin's code.

Foundation:

 It's another version of a non-profit organization. It will donate funds to support its operations. These can be hot beds for fraud, or a great source of philanthropy.

Fraction Reserve Banking:

 There's a good movie on this. The moral of the movie was fractional banking is god damn dangerous! Let's say everyone in NY City decides to take all their money out of their bank accounts. Well they are out of luck. Fractional only requires the bank to hold a small percent, 10-20%. On top of that, the bank is taking your $90 of the $100 you put in, and investing it into other places. Like student loans! You may have done some math and said, "Hey that can lead to bad things without some kind of support system. Accountability with results helps." In the event of a run on the bank, the government, taxpayer is responsible for covering the losses. That's you num nuts. This is why banks fear crypto. I'm certain in the future we'll get to see how all this settles.

Fraud:

Use math before spending your money. Said company will counter with language. You counter with peer review, results. They will often double down here with emotional appeals, comparisons, and a free demo. Demand the data from a reputable source. Don't be afraid to walk away from the conversation, which is a glorified sales pitch. Best to lurk in the shadows, instead ask employees.

I'm also going to recommend a radical idea. Don't spend a lot of time researching a single company. You shouldn't need to spend more than an hour. This requires experience, more awareness of the overall market. This should be your focus. Eventually you can spot the difference between a pyramid scheme like Bitconnect and Ethereum. Companies also change with time. They may start out legit, become corrupt. Fraud is not the most common way companies fail. Incompetence is a more typical reason.

Full Node:

 These nodes download all of the blockchain's history. This allows it to view and enforce the rules.

Fund:

This is an investment in the combined capital of investors, securities. The chunk of money is used for a specific reason. As in, I wouldn't mind if someone funded my company to make a giant laser cannon on the Moon. Just so, I can say I have a laser cannon on the Moon, and laugh maniacally!

Fundamental Analysis (FA):

 This method is for researching the company. You look at their quarterly reports, their product(s), employees, and other factors that determine value. It is required for all investors.

Futures:

You buy or sell an asset or commodity with a predetermined price. Additionally you buy at a predetermined price for a specific time, in the future. This can be offsite, not in an exchange. These markets can be illegal in eras with proper regulation. You are literally gambling, guessing and paid for estimating outcomes.
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Gambling:

 It is a game of chance. The odds are randomized, undetermined. The outcome is a loss or gain of money. Unlike investing, if you gamble long term. The house always wins. That's because the odds are not in your favor, thus the risk.

Genesis Block:

 Block zero or block one is usually called a Genesis block. It's the first block of information that confirms to form a new blockchain./b>

Gold Backed Cryptocurrency:

 Similar to fiat backed crypto. They use gold, physical gold, or so they claim. I would be HIGHLY skeptical of these services. This is because various governments control gold.

Gross Margin:

The company's total revenue, minus the operational costs, divided by total sales, crunched into a percentage. This data point to helps you determine a company's financial performance.
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Halving:

 Most mining coins go through this process. It keeps the payouts in line with the quantity of coins remaining. Otherwise it would cost too much to continue trading, processing.

Hard Fork (Blockchain):

This creates a change in the protocol. It validates all prior invalid transactions. It also invalidates all valid transactions. This requires users to download new software for the fork.

A crypto coin/token splits in two. One block chain follows the old protocol. The other follows the new setup. Usually it's the newer version that survives. This was the case with Ethereum Classic (no more staff support) and Ethereum. In the case of Bitcoin's hard fork, its growth remains high and the imitators who attempted to take over have failed. This would be Bitcoin Diamond, SV, and Cash. There is no owner of Bitcoin. Therefore, you can't technically hard fork it. There's no company, no CEO, no full time staff. Yes, long term they are siphoning off it's mining, but so are most alt coins. When BTC goes down, they tend to follow.

Hash Rate:

 This is the amount of processing power hardware uses to mine a coin. Measurements in hash per second are in kilo, mega, giga, and tera. Kilo is quick, normally a coin every few minutes to a few hours. Mega could take every hour to couple of days. Giga and tera is when you need serious hardware. When in doubt, look at the coin value. A penny a coin normally mines fast. A dollar coin usually takes 1-2 days and $200 takes around a month. This is using a NVIDIA GTX 1060 GPU, graphics card, 20 Mega Hashes. Software optimization can reduce times.

The higher the hash, the more power, and time you need. Certain coins require certain hardware. You can't use a CPU to mine Komodo; you can't use a GPU to mine Bitcoin. In the case of CPU, mining you buy the latest ASIC Antminer. It's an array of CPUs stacked into a small, elongated box. If you have a solar roof, some sort of free electrical setup, this is the most profitable way.

Heterogeneous Byte Assets:

This is an operation of securities, dividends, bonds, and forecasting information. Trades and registry on the Bytom network are possible.

HODL:

 Hold, also known as hodl. It is a term for investing for a long period. Microsoft was worth a lot when it peaked. However, it was worth even more if you held its stock for a decade or two. 99.9% of companies fail. However, the ones that succeed will do so over the course of years to decades. For example, I bought voxel coin, and sold when it hit $0.70 cents. So far it looks like that was the right move. However, I also sold my Bitshares at $0.70 cents. It went over $0.80 a few days later. /: As of mid 2018, it's $.35. Overall, I made the right decision. Keep that 99.9% in the back of your mind whenever in a new market.

Holdings Limited:

Companies that hold outstanding stock are called holdings limited. To own shares of a company that doesn't produce anything. I think this applies to shell companies.

Hot Storage:

 Your coin wallet has access to the internet. The internet has access to your wallet. This does not count for receiving coins. You can be offline and receive more as long as people have your public address.

Hyperledger (Hyperledger Foundation):

 Multiple blockchains and tools to help with various open source projects. Linux created the initial hyperledger. To help various developers pool their resources, knowledge in crypto.
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Initial Coin Offering (ICO):

 Initial Coin Offering is a method crypto companies use to gain funding. The market never would have grown, gained so fast without it. Easily the reason 3rd generation exists.

Investors:

This is often confused with gambling. Similar on the surface, but underneath investing is all about timing. It rewards those who are patient, experienced. Avoid the common pitfalls, emotional appeal, confirmation bias, echo chambers, and faith. You want data; you want results, and the scientific method. You didn't invest to feel good; you did it to make money! When you succeed by two fold to ten fold. The gains will make it all worth it. Until you pay taxes...

Inc:

 Incorporated business can issue shares of a company to investors. This happened with the Zcash pre mine. Ripple locked up 70% of their coins, promising a decent chunk to holders. Inc must have meetings and record them. They are also responsible for twice the amount of taxes. A LLC is a more comment path companies go down. On the bright side incorporated are restricted on the number of owners.

Initial Exchange Offering (IEO):

IEOs are a load of crap. Exchanges make money on middleman fees. It can take time, but it is very profitable. It's an attempt to secure money faster. No shocker that the exchanges that IEOs create a pump and dump scenarios. They do this to drive up the value of their coin.

Initial Token Offering (ITO):

 They offer tokens in exchange for funding. Token and mining coins have a different set of operations, systems.

Internet of Things:

Toasters, microwaves, your home alarm system. Anything connected to the internet, usually WIFI. Such appliances, hardware accessed remotely, often with a cell phone. This technology is extremely dangerous! People were locked out of their houses, had cable TV providers turn off their heater, and even threatened by ransom ware.

That's where a hacker demands you pay them money to get your control restored. Do Not Pay Ransom Ware! They are often automated bots, and the hackers don't have an incentive to help you. If they helped you, that would leak their location. Companies like Iota are tackling the security flaws. WIFI is very easy to hijack, thus the current dilemma. I believe we will shift from a data mining economy into privacy, security economy. The companies that succeed here will be some of the best investments you'll ever make. Just don't expect this stuff to roll out any time soon. More development is needed.

ISO:

 This stands for International Organization for Standardization. It is a non-government, independent body of people. It's also an image standard optical. A file is created on disc for games, software. When put into a DVD player, it runs said software. Without it, you need manual input to find the file to run the game. The start file is usually an exe.

Investing:

Provide an individual or group with a portion of money. With the expectation that they are able to grow the amount, you put in. This means they will eventually need a product or service that meets supply and demand. If it's performing, it will grow over time. Where gambling is a one off event, investing is waiting for the price to hit a certain amount, or a certain amount of time and money gained has occurred. The investor can also exit with minimal losses using a stop loss.
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Nothing For Now
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KYC:

 Know your customer. It seems like a simple concept, yet I've seen so many crash and burn. In the game industry, I saw Perfect Dark 360 launch at $60, paired with a new console. They idiotically priced themselves out. It didn't help that the game was mediocre. So who buys over priced, bland goods? Very few people are the answer.

KONY 2012:

This was a marketing event by a group; they raised a lot of money to end a conflict in Africa. Further investigation revealed the so-called war criminal they were going after was off the radar, removed. The founder of the charity group then went crazy, striped naked on the streets of California. Let's remember to check our emotions. Make your decisions on data, results. The YT animated video on it is hilarious. The take away is charities are a great place for fraud, and delusional maniacs.
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Ledger:

 This is a permanent record of all transactions. It can only add more. Over time, the ledger can grow to gigabytes in file size. Most modern coins have systems where downloading the ledger is not necessary or it only focuses on the recent, relevant records.

Lightning Network:

It processes millions to billions of transactions per second! LN is on par with current payment systems such as Paypal, so they claim. Without this, crypto is vastly inferior to current digital payment systems. They also claim it will reduce the power cost. The power consumption of miners, people who process the transactions has been steadily rising. It's to the point where we will be consuming far beyond the capacity of our utilities. In late 2018, the fees have gone down, but the difficulty in mining continues to climb. Salt on an open wound when you see the people who still run those facilities are making less and less every few months.

Libertarian:

 Originally, this was coined liberal. It's a system that says no to all, or almost all government intervention. There are no regulations, no taxes, complete priority for individual freedom. It's an idea that everyone is responsible for themselves. Many of the founders of crypto are Libertarians, and Anarcho Capitalists. AC's are an extreme version of Libertarian. If you're curious, you can look up Jeff Berwick who goes into detail what it's like.

Limit Order / Limit Buy / Limit Sell:

 This happens when a certain price is hit. The coin/stock is sold or bought; this is the backbone for investors. It keeps you in your ranges. Why did so many people lose money in 2018? They didn't have a sell order. It kept losing value and they stayed in.

Limited Partnership:

 Limited is when two or more partners create a business that holds one or more of the partners liable. They are liable for funding, the money that was initially invested. LP's can't have corporate owners.

Liquidity:

 It's when you can sell your shares without affecting the market. Therefore, if I sold 50 Mona coins, a small amount. It's not going to change its price.

LLC:

Limited Liability is a Corporation with no limit to the number of owners. Owners, individuals inherit profit losses. The bad news is having no requirement for recorded meetings. They can convene in private. It has benefits to paying less in taxes because of how losses are handled. Most companies in America use a LLC or LTD.

LTD:

 Privately owned corporations are known as LTDs. That means they are responsible for the debt. BJs the retail store is privately owned no stock, where its competitor Costco is on the stock market. One pays like crap, the other pays over $20 an hour. It's not to say LTDs are bad. If the owner is knowledgeable enough, they don't want a board of investors, marketing team. This is a better method. However long running companies with revenue over $10 million, avoiding the stock market and have a large staff. They rarely end well.
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Mainnet:

 This blockchain is completely independent. It can run its own network, code, and hardware. It's active for users, unlike a testnet.

Margin Call:

 In the event of an investor's, account value falling below the margin maintenance amount. The broke will require the investor to put in more money or securities to meet the minimum required maintenance amount. This is so they can continue trading.

Margin Trading:

 Funds borrowed from a broker, so they can trade crypto coins. Collateral is formed for the loan. You can use this to short of long market prices. It's a very risky method, more akin to gambling than investing.

Markets:

Video games, movies, comics, t-shirts, are all markets. The crypto you bought is part of a market. The companies that try to expand to multiple markets require vast income to cover the upkeep. Disney is a good example. They recently pulled out of video games to reduce costs. Then Disney got back in by licensing out their properties to Capcom. This resulted in for Marvel vs. Capcom 3, and EA for Star Wars Battlefront. EA was not a good decision, costing EA a $3 billion dip in stocks. If Disney knew their markets, they'd know EA was a bad choice.

Market Capitalization / Market Cap / MCAP:

 A coin's circulating supply multiplied by the coin price. It does not guarantee the actual value of the coin. Multiple sites, including mine warn 80-99% of the volume can be faked with this method. One day something more accurate will replace or modify market cap.

Market Order / Market Buy / Market Sell:

 When you purchase, or sell coins on an exchange you place a market order. It's a faster method for transactions, but usually means you'll pay slightly higher fees. You'll lose the bargaining power over the trade.

Masternodes:

 This is a server is maintained by the owner. It has admin features. This rewards people who maintain the servers. Payments can be sent anonymously.

Marxism:

 I've had experience working in Capitalism, Socialism and Marxism. I despise Marxism; I wasn't paid for a single month of work! The one I was involved in was a worker co-op. The employees voted on all decisions. The workers determine who to hire, whom to pay. It's a popularity contest. There is no central authority, group governance. Half the group wanted to pay me, the other half didn't. I think I lost the vote by 51%. Even though the head of the project wanted, pay me! They were hostile to change, while people handled various assignments. It was very difficult for new hires (unless you're good at high school social clicks). It was bad for risk taking, adapting. I won't name the crypto company that did this. However, I will say they were against the coin grader in all forms. The reason they gave. "That's a lot of work." Ironically, in the world of systems, Marxism is the least popular, least effective. That's not just one bad experience. You can find similar results in peer review, companies.

Max Supply:

Max supply is all the coins that will ever exist or the closest estimation. Bitcoin has 21,000,000 max coins. The current amount circulating is 17,910,687. You cannot make more coins. This is not to be confused with total supply.

Mineable:

 These are users that be paid for using their hardware to process transactions. Tokens do not require mining. Mineable coins tend to be more stable and transparent in their value.

Miners:

The hardware is usually CPUs, GPUs, hard drives or all three. Instead of the bank processing transactions, you do it. Payments are sent for spending enough time and energy to process various activities on the blockchain. Unless you are trading peer to peer, you don't get to determine which transactions are processed. The blockchain pools all of the mining power to tackle transactions in the order the code is designed.

Mining:

 Computer hardware processes, renders various tasks for the crypto markets. Originally, this was how Bitcoin came into existence. Miners lend their CPU, GPU power. With some coins, they can even lend their hard drive space. People can hold copies of the ledger, the customer's account value across the globe. In time this will consolidate to data centers, render farms. Big money can be responsible for funding operations. It guarantees stability, but makes it easier for governments to secure regulations. It will remain a battle between centralized hubs and individual's computers.

Mining Contract:

Users can invest or rent in mining power. It is a form of cloud mining.

Mining Pool:

 A group of miners can run their PC hardware for a few hours, a shorter period. They can run it intermittently to eventually receive payments in coins. Otherwise, you have to run it for a longer period, often requiring more GPUs, CPUs to get the payout. The pool keeps .1 to 10% of what is mined. This method became common in 2017, and why GPUs sold out in record numbers. People would buy 1 to 6 of them; run them on pools for serious cash.

Mining Reward:

 When a specific amount of computer processing is achieved, the miner is paid. This usually results in new coins being issued to the miner.

MIT License:

 This originated from MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The users are given very limited permission to use, reuse their software. Typically, this is for open source businesses, located in the USA.

Moon:

 A Moon is when a company, coin climbs a ridiculous amount. You make think greater than 200% growth. The actual number isn't determined. It's an emotional response to a lot of money gained from a small investment. This is the peak of the investor roller coaster. Best time to collect monetary gains.

Mt. Gox:

It was the first major crypto exchange. The owner Jed McCaleb sold it to Mark Karpeles. Shortly after highly questionable and illegal activity occurred. They used a form of fractional reserve trading. They were selling more Bitcoin than they had. When people did a run on the exchange, the money simply wasn't there. Normally when you run an exchange, decent money can be made. However, siphoning off the top is magnitudes more, tens to hundreds of millions of dollars. After that the exchange was hacked. Which is why you see 'hacked' whenever this happens to other exchanges? It suggests it was likely an inside job and people's money was stolen. A more recent example is Cryptopia. The exchange is still closed, and the owners are making a new exchange. In other words, that money is gone bro. A life lesson, do not leave your money on exchanges!

Multi-Signature (Multi-sig):

 This extra layer of security requires more than one key, to authorize a transaction.
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Network:

 A network is all nodes available on the blockchain.

NL TM:

It is a Dutch business term, for experts working in facility management. What it's doing on crypto software is making me scratch my head.

Node:

 A node is a participant who has a copy of the ledger for the blockchain network.

Non-Custodial:

 The user directly holds the private keys.

Nominal Fees:

Price is smaller than what is normally expected. This also applies to cashing out. Coinbase can charge a fee on your transaction, lowering the amount you wished to put in.

Non Profit:

 The main purpose is not for making revenue. Like a church. Its goal is to pull in enough money to remain operational. This is an organizational structure for charities. They are tax exempt. People have used this to run some very scrupulous business practices. Non-profits don't do well on markets. After all, it's not their purpose. It's exists more as a way to give back, than to take, unless they are fraudulent.
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Off Ledger Currency:

 Currency that exists outside of said blockchain ledger. However, it's still accepted or used. An example would be Einstienium on the Ubiq blockchain.

On Ledger Currency:

 This crypto is both on the ledger and minted. Bitcoin is such a currency.

Online Storage:

 Several locations offer to store your coins online, highly dangerous! Do not sacrifice security for convenience. When crypto becomes mainstream, these services could be common.

Open Source:

Software made by the community, for the community. Linux was and still is an open source operating system. It's free to download, free to alter. This doesn't mean open source is perfect. Because there is no steady paycheck for work, people can lose interest. Talent is less likely to work the long hours without a paycheck attached. Most developers resort to getting funding to continue. This even includes game emulators like the ZSNES. Open source is often not a good place to generate revenue for investors. Refer to Linux's attempt to enter the stock market for a fun read.

Open Governance:

 Everyone has the right to access documents, information. There is no central authority. OG makes hostile takeovers impossible, near impossible. Libertarians prefer this foundation when designing crypto companies.

Oracle:

A large database of software and technology, cloud engineered systems and enterprise software products. Oracle is even older than Microsoft, dating back to 1977. In the past decade, they have been active in bribes, patent trolling, and other illegal activity. To keep their brand alive, they have even attempted to sue Google. Like Motorola, a once progressive company that grew the market. Today they do what they can to stay relevant. Even though many businesses use their software, it's been slowly replaced by Microsoft, Adobe and others.

Orphan:

 A block or chain that is not from the main chain. This can happen when two miners create blocks at the same time, an attacker attempts to reverse a transaction, or some other duplication or erroneous means.
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Pair:

 This is how most exchanges operate. You trade BTC for ETH, BTC for EOS. You sell one crypto to obtain another, usually Bitcoin.

Paper Wallet:

You can write out the private key, password on a piece of paper. Its anti EMP, can't suffer from hardware failure. Paper starts to fall apart when left in the elements, sun light for years. Otherwise, it can last 60 to 80 years. All materials in the universe break down over time. The Jurassic Park preservation also has limits. In reality, the bug in the tree sap would have carbonized. No organic material remains. However, I don't think you plan on living millions of years. It's a very reliable method if you have good handwriting. Do not wirelessly print it out. That's not secure.

Parent & Child Nodes:

 Parent is the core contract, issued by the crypto company. A child is a change to the rules in the contract. We can then store all changes to the data. Like a rough draft and final version. This system adjusts the workflow on a mathematically, coding.

Patent:

A patent is a blue print on a mechanism, hardware, or process. I've even seen it on something as stupid as rounded edges for a phone. Patents can last 17-20 years. Once it expires, it goes into public domain. You can make a variation of it, improvement. Patent trolls are people who buy the patents dirt cheap, or file a far-reaching design in hopes of setting up a trap. Due to the vast amount of submissions, it can take months to find out if you match somebody else. However, due to the legal definitions being vague, you may be infringing on a similar design, and not know it. The more complex the hardware, process, the more likely this will happen. Just thank the stars they expire.

Passel:

 This is a group of things, a large amount of it. It's easy to sell one coin. Try to sell 1,000,000. That's not so easy. Some crypto companies adjust the volume of their coins to handle inflation. The indeterminate number applies well to crypto volume. I felt this was the best definition to use for grading volume. Otherwise, passel is a fancier term for volume.

Pay Pal:

Technically a bank, but not recognized as one. They did not get involved in fractional reserve banking. Paypal is a digital service for handling money. Thousands of retail locations accept them as a payment processor. While it does have its flaws, Paypal remains the dominate force in digital transactions.

PCI Certification:

 Acceptance of credit cards requires this certification. Its design ensures they are secure, and transactions work. All cards use this!

Peer to Peer:

 Interconnected nodes share data with each other, over a centralized administrative system. Bit Torrent would be P2P.

Permission less PDC:

 No consensus is needed on the blockchain. The can use other methods to reach a conclusion on the chain.

Platform as Service:

 A form of cloud computing. The platform isn't required to have a remote infrastructure to maintain, to handle applications.

Ponzi Scheme:

 Investors make more money off new investors. This process repeats until the amount is too high to recover. A pyramid scheme is different.

Portfolio:

This contains a collection of stocks or crypto coins. An investment company, hedge fund, financial institution or an individual, holds it.

Pre Mined:

 Before coins launch they can go through a flash sale to early investors. They may also raise funds by mining the coin before it hits market. This gives the owner(s) leverage. If it's premined too much however, it could spell doom for the coin. The lifespan for miners to make money is shorter, and more expensive to process from the start. If the owner(s) decide to take the majority of shares and cash out, the later investors will be holding pennies.

Price Action:

It's the direction on the chart, showing signs of going up or down. You can figure out price action by looking at the indicators. This is often the go to strategy for short term trading. For example, Bitcoin in 2017 would normally go up 2-3 days out of the week. On days, 1-3 on hold and on 1-2 it would dip. With that knowledge, you can determine in a growth cycle when it'll go down. Often it was Friday to Sunday, on the weekend.

Private Key:

 This allows you to access your wallet. It's usually 12 random words, or a long seed address. You never give this out. It's similar to your bank account password.

Proof of Authority (PoA):

Identity is used as a stake. This makes faster than normal transactions, consensus.

Proof of Inheritance:

 Coin holder is required to prove they are the owner. Its design keeps out duplicates, hackers. This is a problem in Bitcoin. The ledger has to go back and process until it reaches a consensus. However, it can be prone to packet floods, repeatedly, slowing down transaction speeds. As of 2018 with the lightning network, most of the transaction fees have come back down to normal.

Proof of Importance:

NEM decides who gets to verify transactions. It's a similar structure to proof of stake. Unlike PoS, the richest person doesn't get the highest reward. It's includes the quality of your transactions, activity. The problem with this is owners of coins can null out, lower value. If you use an exchange this won't affect your score. It can mostly handle the large investments. For me I decided to avoid any currency that has that kind of authority. This is more similar to a traditional bank. My fears came true when they were 'hacked.' NEM deleted the stolen coins from their exchange, causing its volume to decrease and value to go up. Most theft is an inside job. Keep that in the back of your mind as an investor.

Proof of Stake:

 A method became the most popular in 2017 for handling blockchain activity. It also addresses the double spending problem. It pushes for higher network security, and strengthening incentives to stay with the coin for a longer period. The higher the amount of money the validator put in. The higher they have a chance of solving the block, being paid. Rich get richer. It uses far less mining resources, electricity. No new coins can be generated or mined.

Finally, it reduces mining cartels. Locations that have the most amount of computers, hardware on the network. This prevents a country, server farm from monopolizing. The downside is PoS can destroy your stake. Casper a system invented by Ethereum hopes to address this and more. In 2018 PoS has under performed. It may die in 3rd generation.

Proof of Work:

After miners hit a quota, usually 1 coin, they are paid. If they gather enough of these, they can cash them out for real money or hold onto them. PoW was the original payment system for crypto, using CPUs. Over 2017 to 2018 the shift went from GPU, back to Ant Miners.

Protocol:

 These are the rules that determine what occurs on the network. This will probably require a consensus, some sort of transaction to validate. The people who participate on the blockchain handle this.

Public Address:

 If you want people to send you money, you need to provide them with your public address. Every coin has its own address. You can have multiple addresses for one coin type. You can use your own wallet, or one stored on an exchange.

Public Blockchain:

 Anyone can access this blockchain.

Public Limited Company:

This is a common business structure in the UK. Different business terms often intersect; have the same results as terms in other countries. Why not then lump them into universal words? There are minor variations. This has to do with how each country's constitution handles business law.

Pump and Dump:

 Investors put large quantities of money from one source, or multiple. They focus on a specific company, coin. All of it is an attempt to raise coin value. This effect can cause people to believe in potential that isn't there. Monkey see, monkey do. As people, become convinced emotionally. They jump in and the value soars. Once it climbs the key people responsible for the growth, dump their shares. They make a small or substantial profit. Then leave the people who got in later with all the losses. Raiblocks, now known as Nano is a great example. 10,000% climb over the course of a few months is obscene.
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QR Code:

 It is a modern day version of the UPC, bar code. It allows machines to read these boxes. They are white with black cubes that can stretch horizontally and vertically. Unlike traditional bar codes, QR codes can store far more information. People usually use their cell phones to scan them.

Quantum Computers:

This is computer hardware that can make an exception. That being between or include 0 and 1 when calculating. On and off, positive, negative, quantum, Qbits allows both to be possible at the same time. It allows for possibilities on par with human thought. In theory, it could even crack encryption. More research is needed. Companies like Dwave are leading the forefront of what will be possible. There will always be an arms race to make PCs faster, more capable. Several researchers have argued such breakthroughs are required to attain AI.
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Rank:

 Coin rank determined by market capitalization. The formula is circulating supply x price to get the market cap.

Real Time Gross Settlement:

Special transactions, securities transferred from one bank to another.

Render Farms:

 They are rows of computers, numbering in the hundreds to thousands. The farms process data such as computer-generated images. Hollywood uses them for CGI. The sciences also use them to crunch complex data, simulations. Normally farms are central to in one area, a city or town. It allows for parallel processing that would bottleneck if done across different hardware. Without dedicated processing, it would take decades, to make a 2-hour movie on a single PC. Every time computer hardware leaps, to output such detail goes down. One-day render farms may cease to exist.

R&D GmbH:

Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. They are a limited liability, research and development business. Shareholders liability is limited to the amount they put in. It's similar to LTD.

Revenue:

 Profits gained after x amount of time. The measurements are in quarters of time (every 3 months), bi yearly and yearly. Loss is included from returns of products, taxes, deductions, sales.

ROI:

 Return on Investment. After you factor out all the fees, taxes, this is the amount made, after you put money in.
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Satoshi Nakamoto:

 This is the name of the creator of Bitcoin. While the theory is, it's one person. The prior crypto coins going as far back as 2003. It's more likely a small group of people, 3-5, made it. They probably don't know who each other is. At least one person in the group was aware of government surveillance. The group disbanded when the government started investigations.

If the creator(s) are still alive or Epstein'ed, we may never know. The only way to prove you are Satoshi, or the group who created Bitcoin; is to access the private keys on the network that are locked away. Not to be confused with the people who spoke with Satoshi on social media prior. Some of them... cough. Some of them claim they are the creator(s) but have not proved it.

Scalability:

 Scaling is the network's ability to handle growth. Bitcoin has rising fees, so it has poor scale, at least for the time being. Overtime we want it to handle the growth, to scale with demand.

Scrypt:

 It relies more on memory, specifically GPUs. This is to stop the advantage of ASICs, very specific hardware for coin mining. It allows all PC users with a graphics card to help process PoW, Proof of Work with SHA-256.

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC):

An agency that answers to the US government, they are responsible for enforcing federal securities laws, propose new laws in that field, and regulate securities, stocks, exchanges. Although they are supposed to be an independent organization, that aids the people. Just like the FBI, they will act more as a guard dog for the government.

Seed:

 Its use is to find a key's location from the wallet. This requires a series of words. The owner can then access their wallet. If they deleted their wallet's software, the seed address can restore access.

Segregated Witness:

This is also known as Segwit. It prevents the hacker from adjusting code. So $10 doesn't become $10,000. Segwit looks at the code and comes to a proper conclusion. Imagine a postal worker reading the mail and the person wrote, Illinois. The postal worker can assume three LLL's or assume ILL. Segwit is a fraction of its real size on the processes, making it less hardware intensive.

SEZC:

 This is a law in the Cayman Islands for businesses. They house a special economic zone. The market is still very new, and the blockchain is not recognized as currency in most countries. To get around tax, fiat laws that would prevent competition, they had to set up their business in countries that had more freedoms that are expansive.

SHA 256:

 Originally designed by the NSA, it's a 256-bit signature, hash function encryption for text.

Sharding:

 Blockchain states split into partitions that have transaction history and states. Each process can be at the same time. It optimizes operations.

Shilling:

 "Send money to my Paypal. In return My Coin Sim can grow." That's one form of shilling, albeit closer to ebegging for money. "Buy the latest EA game, We Screw You Hard." That's the more common definition. A lack of integrity, pushing a product that is junk, and or the person didn't try said product. They don't have any real input. They are just advertising because they were paid. In a way that is to pressure their audience into getting, something that they don't see has value. Cough... I wouldn't mind someone send me some extra money. I could use more hard drive storage.

Shitcoin:

 This term describes Bitconnect and coins similar in nature. They are fraudulent and or completely incompetent. The coin usually has no value. Eventually the project shutters, leaving investors with nothing.

Side Chain:

 It operates parallel to the main blockchain. It can operate independently, allowing various tests, checks and balances against hackers.

Silicon Valley:

It's located in the San Fran bay area, California. Here you can find Adobe, Apple, Google, almost every single tech giant. With other software leads located in Redmond Washington, and Austin Texas. This portion of land has so much wealth; it makes CA the sixth largest economy in the world. When I was investor hunting for my company, I went to Wall Street, no luck there. Then I went to Silicon Valley. The money was over flowing. Mostly into the cell phone apps market, 2012-2015. It was still a great place to learn. Even though I pulled in funding elsewhere, (I didn't rob a bank) I saw thousands of start ups begin here. Their role in the future of tech remains cemented. Beware though; they have pie in the sky delusions to match their progress. With great money come many mistakes.

Smart Contracts:

 These are contracts handled by computer software, algorithms. Normally smart contracts are simple forms. The design is to fix minor issues quickly. It uses a machine to solve minor issues. This is to remove third parties from transactions, allowing fewer fees.

Socialism:

This is the collective ownership of business, infrastructure, and industry. There is no private control. The boss hands over their ownership to the employees. Most first world governments have some variation democratic socialism. This applies to retirement, healthcare, military, unemployment, food stamps, and so on. In this case, a fraction of all money earned through work, taxes goes into a pot that is distributed to said services.

Traditional socialism removes all authority of private ownership. Like communism, it consolidates all distribution of wealth to a single branch. It's supposed to be the people, but ends up in the hands of a dictator, small group. Venezuela is pure socialism. The more successful versions systems are hybrids that lean hard into capitalism. I did have a chance to work in this European democratic socialism. Aside from the higher taxes, the pay was comparable to most first world jobs. The term itself may have changed over the years, since it's still mostly a version of capitalism.

Soft Cap:

 An amount the ICO, initial coin offering is trying to raise. Like a Kickstarter, if the amount is not raised, it can be cancelled.

Soft Fork (Blockchain):

 Miners have to update their software to continue mining the coin. It cancels prior valid transactions. This is for optimization and security.

Stablecoin:

 This coin barely changes in price. This applies to the dollar coins like Tether. They will maintain their $1 value, regardless of the market cap.

Staking:

A system used in PoS. You put x amount of tokens, money in. Then you get to act as a validator on their blockchain and get rewards. Theses rewards are usually financial, like a royalty cut of the sales generated.

Stocks:

 It's your share, fraction of ownership in the company. You could say the crypto coins are a new form of the traditional stock market. I hope that we don't see people selling tulips on there.

Swing Trading:

You look for quick movement in the price, put money in before it goes up, and then sell after it climbs. A very popular method for trading bots, which can react, process faster than a human can. When it works, the person running the bot never loses money. However, that was in theory. Usually swing trades keep you from making major gains and Incrementalism.

Swiss Bank:

 If you have one of these, you are probably rich. Its origins are from victims of the holocaust. People use the modern version of the Swiss bank account across the planet to hide their money. They can avoid paying taxes. Thanks to crypto, we have that same feature with a smaller barrier to entry.

Symbol:

Every coin has 2 to 5 letter abbreviations. For example, Ethereum is ETH and Ethereum Classic is ETC. Some abbreviations remain, even after the coin has changed names. GXShares to GXChain, GXS remains. Unless the coin rebrands the symbol will remain the same. It's a giant red flag if the symbol changes.
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Tangle:

 These are blockchain free crypto currencies. There must be two parent transactions, instead of the default one. This flow allows for faster, more secure transactions. Rather than an assembly line, a straight forward set of paths. Transactions can skip ahead in the cue. Like those evil line cutters at theme parks!
Arguments have surfaced that tangle has a flaw where duplicates can exist in the chain. A hacker could cash out on the clone while the original purchase is still in cue. For now, that scenario has not surfaced. I have personally seen my coins x100 on tangle from the line skip. However, the two-parent system corrected it and my amount went back down. I was very sad.

Talent Management:

 This circular processes to handles the scouting, acquisition, placement of talent. Then manage their careers, doing what they can to retain them.

Technical Analysis / Trend Analysis (TA):

 A method using stastical analyses of the market. It checks price, volume, chart activity. Then it can determine patterns for investors. With TA, investors can form ranges that are more practical.

Testnet:

A side chain for blockchain developers. This allows them to test features without affecting the mainnet.

Ticker:

 A list of coin abbreviations that scroll by, appear. It will show them as BTC $4,000, Eth $1,000, XRP $0.30 and so on.

Time Standard Transactions:

 It reduces cost in processing claims, and other information in the medical field.

Token:

 It doesn't store value by itself. A token can't be mined. The value is determined in a similar way to regular crypto coins. Due to the lack of a foundation attached to miners, regulators will likely heavily target this type of coin. The owners can manipulate it. However, it allows them more control. They can prevent hacks and provide more price stability. They can also track users.

Tor:

Software that's free to use. It keeps people anonymous online. The project's original name was, The Onion Router". Due to how it operates. It hides the user's data in layers that are near impossible to find. Near impossible, not impossible. Linux Tails is another version of Tor.

Total Supply:

 This is the current total amount of coins in circulating supply. Therefore, 155,536,713, total supply 187,536,713 BNB. You can see BNB has been burning their coins to keep value up. They can only do this to coins they own. This does not apply to coins like XRP. With that said if XRP deleted 75% of their coins, they would be in a world of legal trouble.

Trade Volume:

This volume trades in the past 24 hours.

Trademark:

 A sign, word, brand. Some sort of design used to identity a company. You can associate this with the arches of McDonalds, the castle for Disney, the word Capcom for Capcom. The problem with trademarks is a required financial upkeep. TM is registered with a government. It operates under a defend it or lose it clause. If people use the word Capcom to describe another game company, Capcom is required to sue, to protect their ownership. If Capcom lets it slide, they will lose the trademark. This is why Apple sued an apple store over the name, Apple. It's as stupid as it sounds. Here's hoping we'll see an update to the law.

When I investigate crypto companies, I ask if they have registered patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Then I look them up in the records department for verification. It's a good way of investigating companies. Be careful. It could just be lost in paperwork. Governments still need to modernize for the digital world.

Transaction Fee:

Just like any other financial service. You pay a small percentage of money to send through a transaction. Coins expensive like Bitcoin, anything with high difficulty will have higher fees. You can pay upwards of $30 or as low as pennies. Some coins like Iota can be processed free. This occurs when you use your own computer to handle the transaction.

Trustless:

 No one needs to trust anyone else to verify transactions.
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Unconfirmed:

 Until the transaction is processed on the blockchain, it will remain unconfirmed. You need x amount of confirmations for the processing.

Under Valued:

You will hear this term a lot in your life. People believe for reasons said product/service, company is worth more than its status. This can be a good way of spotting potential gains off unknowns. My jokes are under valued. /nudge
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Validator:

 On Proof of Stake, POS, the participant is responsible for confirming blocks. Then rewards are sent.

Value:

Before you buy any coin, you should look for its value. Did you buy it because you think collecting people's private data, selling said data companies is the future? Do you believe the opposite? People assign value based on whatever merits it.

Vaporware:

The product never existed. The game Anthem wasn't actually finished back when they demoed it at E3. What people saw was their first effective prototype. The actual software never existed. It was later developed. However, for those first few years EA was lying, it was vaporware.

Venture Capital:

 Money raised by seeking seeds, rounds of funding. This is raised privately, not publicly.

Volatility:

It is a measurement of dispersion of returns. High volatility means the price is going up and down repeatedly in a short time span. It can be risky to buy and or sell depending which way it's leaning. No volatility means the price is flat, stable. This is bad for short-term gains.

Volume:

 The amount traded in a 24-hour time span. This can include stock, and crypto. Volume can also be over a longer period. This is the company's holdings of the total amount. If the volume starts a massive sell off, a falling price accompanies it. It's vice versa for high purchase activity. The green bar on the chart is for buying, red for selling. Coins with high total volume tend to cost pennies. Coins with lower volume can sell for hundreds of dollars each.
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Wallet:

 This is where all coins are stores. Even if you use an exchange, that exchange will send your coins to a wallet.

Wall Street:

A large reason the market has grown so much is from Wall Street investments. Despite being openly hostile like JP Morons, they soon changed their tune and started pouring into the market. Then they went back to bashing crypto.

Their pumps will over value coins, leaving you with a bad investment long term. Wall Street makes money offsetting the losses on other people. Never forget, as much of a boon as they are, they are also the same idiots who sank the world economy in 2008. Learn from what formulas, methods worked for Wall Street, and you'll be doing better than most. Just make sure it's legal, or cheat. That's up to law enforcement.

Wash Trading:

The trader is both buying and selling securities. This is why I'm wear of Token based coins. To manipulate the market price up, down, or keep it flat. Since down and flat cost money. It's usually a method to boost stock, crypto prices. In the case of crypto, this can be Fcoin's fake volume. This occurred in March 2019 to May 2019. Bitmex was also responsible using derivatives to mask the volume. How do you spot this? When lower activity exchanges are trading volume that far exceeds what should be available on the market within a short time frame, 24 hours. In this instance, these two 'companies' were trading as much as 30% Bitcoin in a single day. Then they waited until the real value was high enough. The offenders sell during the price climbing or at the end; exiting with a massive profit, leaving the holders with IOUs. You see. They were never selling real stocks, coins. It was all fake volume.

Whale:

 These individuals can put in large sums of money. They can put in enough to affect markets in positive or negative ways. A whale like Beezos could spend $100 billion of his dollars to buy almost all Bitcoin. Wish I had that kind of money. I could buy pizza every day.

Whitelist:

 Participants listed that want to be part of, buy into an ICO. It can also describe users making sites, names safe to show. Therefore, they don't get in their spam filters.

Whitepaper:

 Not to be confused with peer review papers. Peer review is backed by the scientific method. The white paper is a combination of a blue print, road map, company goals, and other relevant information. It details how the company operates and what it has planned.
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XXX:

 This is a common moniker for the porn industry. Yes, they are just as interested in the crypto market just like everyone else. If you see X's, or even a single X in the company name. It's a likely relation to that industry.
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Yield:

 The entire amount of the product, shares, stocks.

YTD:

It means, the year to date.
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Zen:

 This frame of mind attains enlightenment.

Zero Confirmation Transaction:

This is an unconfirmed transaction.
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51% Attack:

 It occurs when more than half of mining power for a specific coin. A group or individual does it. They use this position to harm the network, operations. This can be everything from denial of service, changing transactions, double spending, and slowing processing. It's the crypto version of a DDOS attack.
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The Shift:

 Bitcoin dominance for the first time since its creation started to dip more and more in market dominance. Finally, the result is a culmination of alt coins, pulling in billions of dollars. The start was mid June. The concept of ICOs was invented. The governments almost killed off the crypto market in 2016. They even went as far as making it illegal to trade coins in multiple states. Some people went to jail for money laundering. Exchanges such as Poloniex were off limits. Yet several new exchanges emerged.

Coinbase gained significant ground. They were also ratting on hundreds of thousands of users to the IRS. All that ground was erased, and for a brief time, the market almost became mainstream. Unfortunately, it suffered the same fate as Kickstarter, the Dotcom bubble. It went up too high, too little accountability (if any), and no backing from governments. The fantasyland of an unregulated paradise did exactly what they do. It crashed. Bitconnect was one of many coins to exit scam. People had to learn yet again. Solar roadways are bullshit. Despite that, what was started in 2017 is here to stay. Crypto is here to stay. Eventually from the rubble, a new set of companies will finish what was started.
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January & July:

 These are often the worst months for tech, retail sales in the USA. This carries over to all markets. In the past, there have been plenty of exceptions, 2018 in crypto being one of them! January crashed towards the end of the month with February being the worst. This was the same for July with a bleed over into August being the worst month. Have some spare money set aside for buying on the dips. I got my coins in July 2017, and I made a small fortune. Everyone was buying like crazy in June 2017. I mostly stayed out. I waited patiently, pulled out in early January and it paid off greatly. Get a feel for the market's flow and you'll be one-step ahead.

November Crash:

After a year of dwindling coin value, the bubble had burst. People may argue otherwise. Those people need to go back to 4th grade math. We had lost on average 90% per coin since early 2018. The warning signs were there if you watched mining difficulty and payouts.
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Pending:

 2019 Summary